Role of the oral microbiota in the development of Alzheimer’s disease*

Наталия  Гаврилова; Никита  Гладышев; Анна  Котрова; Анастасия  Морозова; Лидия  Сопрун; Виктория  Воловникова; Тамара Федоткина; Александр Шишкин

doi:10.21638/spbu11.2020.401

Авторы

Наталия Гаврилова St. Petersburg State University, 7–9, Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation ; St. Petersburg Scientific Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2–4, Ligovskii pr., St. Petersburg, 191036, Russian Federation
Никита Гладышев St. Petersburg State University, 7–9, Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation;St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, 14, ul. Mira, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2732-5676
Анна Котрова St. Petersburg State University, 7–9, Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9430-6339
Анастасия Морозова St. Petersburg State University, 7–9, Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1998-042X
Лидия Сопрун St. Petersburg State University, 7–9, Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8396-0418
Виктория Воловникова St. Petersburg State University, 7–9, Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-1814
Тамара Федоткина St. Petersburg State University, 7–9, Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation;Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry named after I. M. Sechenov, 44, pr. Toreza, St. Petersburg, 194223, Russian Federation
Александр Шишкин St. Petersburg State University, 7–9, Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu11.2020.401

Аннотация

Dementia and, in particular, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), affects millions of people around the world and its prevalence is steadily rising annually. Some risk factors for AD, such as age, cannot be modified, while others could possibly be corrected. In recent years, many studies are tackling the problem of the oral and gut microbiota as a provoking factor for AD and other neurodegenerative diseases, but their relationship and specific pathophysiological mechanisms remain understudied. The microbiota of the oral cavity can be of particular importance due to the specificity of microorganisms and their localization, as well as the possibility of provoking neuroinflammation, which requires further study. This review covers the specific features of the oral microbiota, current views on the pathophysiological role of the oral microbiota in the development of AD, as well as the beneficial role of probiotics. The study of this issue can have an important practical application both for the early diagnosis of AD, and for its further treatment.

Ключевые слова:

Alzheimer’s disease, oral cavity, microbiota, probiotics, neurodegenerative diseases

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